We present a review on geomagnetic indices describing global geomagnetic storm activity
(Kp, am, Dst and dDst/dt) and on indices designed to characterize high latitude currents and …

Introduction to Geomagnetic Fields is a textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate
students of geophysics. It explains the natural magnetic fields in and surrounding the Earth …

The classic view is that Dst and SYM‐H time series differ mainly due to the dissimilarity in
the method to determine the base values. Dst and SYM‐H are both indices designed to …

In the present review we concentrate on the most important and so far unresolved problems
concerning morphology and physics of magnetic storms, namely, 1) which currents are …

Geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) caused by interplanetary shocks represent a
serious space weather threat to modern technological infrastructure. The arrival of …

This unique, authoritative book introduces and accurately depicts the current state-of-the art
in the field of space storms. Professor Koskinen, renowned expert in the field, takes the basic …

The impact of geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) on the power networks at middle
and low latitudes has attracted attention in recent years with the increase of large‐scale …

This open access book serves as textbook on the physics of the radiation belts surrounding
the Earth. Discovered in 1958 the famous Van Allen Radiation belts were among the first …

A revised version of the storm-time disturbance index D st is calculated using hourly-mean
magnetic-observatory data from four standard observatories and collected over the years …

The structures of the main magnetospheric current systems are interesting to researchers
because of their key role in magnetospheric physics, including the generation of …