In the arid West, balancing private needs for fresh water to consume against the public
values-recreational, aesthetic, and ecological-served by leaving fresh water in situ has …

The public trust doctrine (PTD) is a legal concept with ancient roots, and it is increasingly
being examined as a framework for modern conservation. At its core, the PTD is based on …

Environmental law has failed us all. As ecosystems collapse across the globe and the
climate crisis intensifies, environmental agencies worldwide use their authority to permit the …

Climate change and ocean acidification are altering marine ecosystems and, from a human
perspective, creating both winners and losers. Human responses to these changes are …

Thirty years ago, at the predecessor to this conference,'the attendees celebrated the public
trust doctrine, which Professor Sax had exhumed, and which the California Supreme Court …

The'Precautionary Principle'has sparked the central controversy over European and US risk
regulation. The Reality of Precaution is the most comprehensive study to go beyond …

An analysis of the following aspects of water economics was undertaken: Water as an
Economic and Social Good, Modes of Government Intervention, Water Scarcity in Economic …

This article explores the development of public trust principles from early Roman and British
law through modern US law as a public commons approach to natural resource …

This paper highlights the value for marine spatial planning (MSP) of engaging with terrestrial
planning theory and practice. It argues that the traditions of reflection, critique, and debate …

Portman, ME 2011. Marine spatial planning: achieving and evaluating integration.–ICES
Journal of Marine Science, 68: 2191–2200. Coastal states and nations are conducting …