Recent years have seen a growth in scholarship on the intertwined histories of climate,
science, and European imperialism. Scholarship has focused both on how the material …

Scholars in many disciplines have used diverse methods and sources to establish that,
between the 15th and 18th centuries, a “Little Ice Age” considerably cooled Earth's climate …

When Europeans arrived in North America, the average global temperature had dropped to
lows unseen in millennia and its effects—famine, starvation, desperation, and violence …

Das Anthropozän ist das Zeitalter, in dem menschliches Handeln zum wichtigsten
Einflussfaktor auf die geophysikalischen Prozesse der Erde geworden ist–mit gravierenden …

The advent of climate science can be defined as the historical emergence of a research
program to study climate according to a modern definition of climate. Climate in this …

The history of climate research in the 20th century has been characterised by a crucial shift
from a geography‐oriented, two‐dimensional approach towards a physics‐based, three …

» The older history could hardly deny that people have been living for a long while on this
planet, but its general disregard of that fact suggested that they were not and are not truly …

Throughout the early modern period, scientific debate and governmental action became
increasingly preoccupied with the environment, generating discussion across Europe and …

This chapter explores the emergence of climate as a scientific paradigm by the early
nineteenth century in Europe. Past research in this field has tended to absorb the early …

Abstract “Climate migration” deserves recognition among historians as a research
perspective just as much as other generally accepted types of migration, such as labor …