Stress proteins (SPs) including heat-shock proteins (HSPs), RNA chaperones, and ER
associated stress proteins are molecular chaperones essential for cellular homeostasis. The …

The interleukin-1 (IL-1) family of cytokines comprises 11 proteins (IL-1F1 to IL-1F11)
encoded by 11 distinct genes in humans and mice. IL-1–type cytokines are major mediators …

Extensive research in the past decade has identified innate immune recognition receptors
and intracellular signaling pathways that culminate in inflammatory responses. Besides its …

The role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in inflammation is controversial, with both pro-and
antiinflammatory effects documented. Many studies have used simple sulfide salts as the …

The small heat shock protein Hsp27 or its murine homologue Hsp25 acts as an ATP-
independent chaperone in protein folding, but is also implicated in architecture of the …

Inflammation is an evolutionarily conserved host reaction that is initiated in response to
trauma, tissue damage and infection. It leads to changes in tissue homeostasis and blood …

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways are implicated in several cellular
processes including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, cell survival, cell motility …

Implanted medical devices often elicit adverse foreign body responses whereby
macrophages play a central role. Here, we identify simple polymers that instruct different …

Transcription factors belonging to the NF-κB family regulate inflammation by inducing pro-
inflammatory molecules (eg interleukin (IL)-8) in response to cytokines (eg tumor necrosis …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease characterized
by the attack of the immune system on the body's healthy joint lining and degeneration of …