A great number of the bacteria and archaea on Earth are found in subsurface environments
in a physiological state that is poorly represented or explained by laboratory cultures …

Miniaturization can expand the capability of existing bioassays, separation technologies and
chemical synthesis techniques. Although a reduction in size to the micrometre scale will …

Microsystems create new opportunities for the spatial and temporal control of cell growth
and stimuli by combining surfaces that mimic complex biochemistries and geometries of the …

One defining goal of synthetic biology is the development of engineering-based approaches
that enable the construction of gene-regulatory networks according to 'design specifications' …

This Review summarizes methods for constructing systems and structures at micron or
submicron scales that have applications in microbiology. These tools make it possible to …

We have developed a simple multi-layer microfluidic device by integrating a polydimethyl
siloxane (PDMS) microfluidic channel and a porous membrane substrate to culture and …

This review discusses the application of microfluidics in chemical biology. It aims to
introduce the reader to microfluidics, describe characteristics of microfluidic systems that are …

Microfluidic technology is creating powerful tools for cell biologists to control the complete
cellular microenvironment, leading to new questions and new discoveries. We review here …

Remarkable technological advances have revealed ever more properties and behaviours of
individual microorganisms, but the novel data generated by these techniques have not yet …

Microfluidic technology holds great promise for the creation of advanced cell culture models.
In this review, we discuss the characterization of cell culture in microfluidic systems, describe …