Infections arising from multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacteria are spreading rapidly
throughout the world and threaten to become untreatable. The origins of resistance are …

Tripartite efflux pumps and the related type 1 secretion systems (T1SSs) in Gram-negative
organisms are diverse in function, energization, and structural organization. They form …

Multidrug efflux pumps function at the frontline to protect bacteria against antimicrobials by
decreasing the intracellular concentration of drugs. This protective barrier consists of a …

Quinolone antimicrobials are synthetic and widely used in clinical medicine. Resistance
emerged with clinical use and became common in some bacterial pathogens. Mechanisms …

Quinolone antimicrobials are widely used in clinical medicine and are the only current class
of agents that directly inhibit bacterial DNA synthesis. Quinolones dually target DNA gyrase …

Evolution is the hallmark of life. Descriptions of the evolution of microorganisms have
provided a wealth of information, but knowledge regarding “what happened” has precluded …

Bacterial multidrug efflux pumps have come to prominence in human and veterinary
pathogenesis because they help bacteria protect themselves against the antimicrobials …

Serratia marcescens is a ubiquitous bacterium from order Enterobacterales displaying a
high genetic plasticity that allows it to adapt and persist in multiple niches including soil …

Whole genome sequencing (WGS) offers the potential to predict antimicrobial susceptibility
from a single assay. The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing …

Introduction: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a prototype of bacteria intrinsically resistant to
antibiotics. The reduced susceptibility of this microorganism to antimicrobials mainly relies …