While the peptide and protein therapeutic market has developed significantly in the past
decades, delivery has limited their use. Although oral delivery is preferred, most are …

Blood‐brain barrier (BBB) is a dynamic interference that regulates the nutrition and toxic
substance in and out of the central nervous system (CNS), and plays a crucial role in …

The epithelial and endothelial barriers of the human body are major obstacles for drug
delivery to the systemic circulation and to organs with unique environment and homeostasis …

In this review we highlight the most modern trends in the prodrug strategy. In drug research
and development, the prodrug concept has found a number of useful applications. Selected …

In order for therapeutic agents to exert their pharmacological effects, they have to cross the
biological membranes into the systemic circulation and reach the site of action. Drugs cross …

One of the major hurdles in developing therapeutic agents is the difficulty in delivering drugs
through the intestinal mucosa and blood-brain barriers (BBB). The goal here is to describe …

The anatomical and functional arrangement of the gastrointestinal tract suggests that this
organ, beside its digestive and absorptive functions, regulates the trafficking of …

While each route of therapeutic drug delivery has its own advantages and limitations, oral
delivery is often favored because it offers convenient painless administration, sustained …

One of the most important and challenging goals in drug delivery is overcoming the poor
oral absorption of high-value therapeutics that include peptides. Gastrointestinal Permeation …

Introduction: Inclusion of absorption-enhancing agents in dosage forms is one approach to
improve the bioavailability of active pharmaceutical ingredients with low membrane …