This review focuses on the electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical studies that gave
insight into redox potentials of the four mitochondrial complexes and their homologues from …

The function of cytochrome c oxidase as a biomolecular nanomachine that transforms
energy of redox reaction into protonmotive force across a biological membrane has been …

Cytochrome c oxidase (C c O) reduces oxygen to water and uses the released free energy to
pump protons across the membrane. We have used multiscale reactive molecular dynamics …

Nitrous oxide is a potent greenhouse gas whose production is catalyzed by nitric oxide
reductase (NOR) members of the heme-copper oxidoreductase (HCO) enzyme superfamily …

As the terminal oxidase of cell respiration in mitochondria and aerobic bacteria, the proton
pumping mechanism of ba3-type cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) of Thermus thermophiles is …

The cellular membrane constitutes the first element that encounters a wide variety of
molecular species to which a cell might be exposed. Hosting a large number of structurally …

The heme-copper oxidases may be divided into three categories, A, B, and C, which include
cytochrome c and quinol-oxidising enzymes. All three types are known to be proton pumps …

Understanding the mechanism of vectorial proton pumping in biomolecules requires
establishing the microscopic basis for the regulation of both thermodynamic and kinetic …

After drawing comparisons between the reaction pathways of cytochrome c oxidase (CcO,
Complex 4) and the preceding complex cytochrome bc1 (Complex 3), both being proton …

After a summary of the problem of coupling electron and proton transfer to proton pumping in
cytochrome c oxidase, we present the results of our earlier and recent density functional …