The reproductive performance of most of the species is adversely affected by hazardous
heavy metals like lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, zinc, and copper. Heavy metals are …

The effects of lead exposure on mammals are reported to be devastating. Lead is present in
all the abiotic environmental components such as brass, dust, plumbing fixtures, soil, water …

Background/Objectives: In the Middle East, people consume camel milk regularly as it is
believed to improve immunity against diseases and decrease the risk for cancer. Recently, it …

Cross talk, mediated by exosomes, between normal stem cells and cancer stem cells
(CSCs) in the tumor microenvironment has been given less attention so far. In addition, no …

Male fertility has deteriorated over the last decades, and environmental risk factors are
among the possible causes of this phenomenon. Pollutants such as heavy metals might …

Since the COVID-19 outbreak in early 2020, face mask (FM) has been recognized as an
effective measure to reduce the infection, increasing its consumption across the world …

Hypogonadism is an endocrine disorder characterized by inadequate serum testosterone
production by the Leydig cells of the testis. It is triggered by alterations in the hypothalamic …

Heavy metals are harmful environmental pollutants that have attracted widespread attention,
attributed to their health hazards to humans and animals. Due to the non-degradable …

Exposure to low levels of a toxic metal lead (Pb) affects human health, and its effect as an
endocrine disruptor has been reported. However, the precise role of Pb in endocrine health …

Alotaibi MF, Al-Joufi F, Abou Seif HS, et al. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2020; 14: 4003–4019 The
Editor and Publisher of Drug Design, Development and Therapy are retracting the published …