Conversion of forewings into hardened covers, elytra, was a ground-breaking morphological
adaptation that has contributed to the extraordinary evolutionary success of beetles …

The rise in structural performance requirements in engineering is driving the research and
development of stronger, stiffer, and lighter materials. However, most traditional artificial …

Biological armors can provide an effective protection against predators. In this study,
inspired by conch shell, beetle exoskeleton, and nacre, three different types of bionic …

The armour of the ladybird, elytra, protect the body from injury and are well-adapted to flight.
However, experimental methods to decipher their mechanical performances had been …

A bio-inspired limb-like vibration isolation structure is systematically studied by emulating
the hexagonal skeletal configuration of animal legs under external loads and impact, which …

The trap-jaw ant Odontomachus monticola manipulates its hollow mandibles to generate
extremely high speed to impact various objects through a catapult mechanism, making the …

The ladybird beetle (Coccinella septempunctata) is known for swift deployment of its elytra,
an action that requires considerable power. However, actuation by thoracic muscles alone …

Beetle elytra act as natural protective covers and effectively shield their flexible abdomens
and fragile hindwings from damage. The existing studies have attributed this contribution of …

With superior adaptability, some elytra as modified forewings can provide mechanical
protection for the underlying hind wings and soft body while changing in color in a …

Undesirable shock vibrations are widely distributed in the mechanical field. Shock damping
through bionic structures is a more effective method for vibration suppression. The Elytra …