Understanding the function of genes mutated in hereditary forms of Parkinson's disease
yields insight into disease etiology and reveals new pathways in cell biology. Although …

Covalent attachment (conjugation) of one or more ubiquitin molecules to protein substrates
governs numerous eukaryotic cellular processes, including apoptosis, cell division and …

Ubiquitination is crucial for a plethora of physiological processes, including cell survival and
differentiation and innate and adaptive immunity. In recent years, considerable progress has …

PINK1 (PTEN induced putative kinase 1) and PARKIN (also known as PARK2) have been
identified as the causal genes responsible for hereditary recessive early-onset …

Mitochondria-specific autophagy (mitophagy) is a fundamental process critical for
maintaining mitochondrial fitness in a myriad of cell types. Particularly, mitophagy …

Mutations in the Park2 gene, encoding the E3 ubiquitin‐ligase parkin, are responsible for a
familial form of Parkinson's disease (PD). Parkin‐mediated ubiquitination is critical for the …

Mitochondrial quality control is central for maintaining a healthy population of mitochondria.
Two Parkinson's disease genes, mitochondrial kinase PINK1 and ubiquitin ligase Parkin …

Eukaryotic cells are equipped to degrade proteins via the ubiquitin–proteasome system
(UPS). Proteins become degraded upon their conjugation to chains of ubiquitin where they …

The PTEN-induced putative kinase protein 1 (PINK1) and ubiquitin (UB) ligase PARKIN
direct damaged mitochondria for mitophagy. PINK1 promotes PARKIN recruitment to the …

Mitophagy is a key intracellular process that selectively removes damaged mitochondria to
prevent their accumulation that can cause neuronal degeneration. During mitophagy, PINK1 …