Mitochondria are essential for the viability of eukaryotic cells as they perform crucial
functions in bioenergetics, metabolism and signalling and have been associated with …

Mitochondrial cristae are dynamic bioenergetic compartments whose shape changes under
different physiological conditions. Recent discoveries have unveiled the relation between …

Mitochondria are key organelles for cellular energetics, metabolism, signaling, and quality
control and have been linked to various diseases. Different views exist on the composition of …

Mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes are organized into supercomplexes
responsible for carrying out cellular respiration. Here we present three architectures of …

Mitochondria are ubiquitous intracellular organelles found in almost all eukaryotes and
involved in various aspects of cellular life, with a primary role in energy production. The …

The oxidative phosphorylation electron transport chain (OXPHOS-ETC) of the inner
mitochondrial membrane is composed of five large protein complexes, named CI–CV. These …

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response are energetically
challenging under nutrient stress conditions. However, the regulatory mechanisms that …

Mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase (COX) is the primary site of cellular oxygen
consumption and is essential for aerobic energy generation in the form of ATP. Human COX …

Respiratory chain complexes assemble into functional quaternary structures called
supercomplexes (RCS) within the folds of the inner mitochondrial membrane, or cristae …

Respiratory chain dysfunction plays an important role in human disease and aging. It is now
well established that the individual respiratory complexes can be organized into …