Cadastral databases have been used for over 20 years, but most contain 2D data. The
increasing presence of high-rise buildings with modern architecture complicates the process …

Underground Land Administration (ULA) plays a paramount role in recording, registering
and managing underground ownership boundaries and rights, restrictions and …

Current practices of managing and communicating underground physical and cadastral
(legal) data are based on fragmented and silo-based 2D methods, which cannot provide …

In Australia, current practices for subdividing ownership spaces in buildings rely on two-
dimensional (2D) analogue subdivision plans. As building subdivisions become more …

There is an increasing trend for digitalization because of the developments in Information
and Communications Technologies (ICTs). One of the topics that digitalization might be …

The development and use of underground space is a necessity for most cities in response to
rapid urbanisation. Effective underground land administration is critical for sustainable urban …

This paper presents the design and implementation of the cadastral system extension for
registration of 3D rights and restrictions in the Netherlands fitting within the ISO 19152, Land …

The land administration system, providing a mechanism to support the management of real
properties, is one of the most crucial infrastructures of any country. This infrastructure is …

This article reports on the first 3D cadastral registration in The Netherlands, accomplished in
March 2016. The solution was sought within the current cadastral, organisational, and …

Rapid urbanization has created an unprecedented pressure on the use of land in cities
around the world, resulting in physical and legal complexities. This book explains the …