Abstract In 1986, Vladimir Skulachev and his colleagues coined the term “Sodium World” for
the group of diverse organisms with sodium (Na)-based bioenergetics. Albeit only few such …

Abstract The Clusters of Orthologous Genes (COG) database, originally created in 1997, has
been updated to reflect the constantly growing collection of completely sequenced …

Microbes use signal transduction systems in the processes of swarming motility, antibiotic
resistance, virulence, conjugal plasmid transfer, and biofilm formation. However, the signal …

Mycoplasma mobile, a fish pathogen, exhibits gliding motility using ATP hydrolysis on solid
surfaces, including animal cells. The gliding machinery can be divided into surface and …

Streptomyces phages WheeHeim and Forthebois are two novel members of the Tectiviridae
family. These phages were isolated on cultures of the plant pathogen Streptomyces scabiei …

To clarify the obscure hydrolysis mechanism of ubiquitous P-loop-fold nucleoside
triphosphatases (Walker NTPases), we analysed the structures of 3136 catalytic sites with …

Lesions to DNA compromise chromosome integrity, posing a direct threat to cell survival.
The bacterial SOS response is a widespread transcriptional regulatory mechanism to …

Leptospires, as motile Gram-negative bacteria, employ sophisticated strategies for efficient
invasion and dissemination within their hosts. In response, hosts counteract pathogens …

Once you have missed the first button…, you'll never manage to button up Johann Wolfgang
von Goethe Formate oxidation is a final step of methanol oxidation in methylotrophic …

Proton-translocating FOF 1-ATP synthase (F-type ATPase, F-ATPase or FOF 1) performs
ATP synthesis/hydrolysis coupled to proton transport across the membrane in mitochondria …