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Although the assumption of the neutral theory of molecular evolution—that some classes of
mutation have too small an effect on fitness to be affected by natural selection—seems …

Here we present a draft genome sequence of the common chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes).
Through comparison with the human genome, we have generated a largely complete …

In Drosophila melanogaster, ageing is slowed when insulin-like signalling is reduced: life
expectancy is extended by more than 50% when the insulin-like receptor (InR) or its receptor …

Mammalian genes are highly heterogeneous with respect to their nucleotide composition,
but the functional consequences of this heterogeneity are not clear. In the previous studies …

The accumulation of mildly deleterious missense mutations in individual human genomes
has been proposed to be a genetic basis for complex diseases. The plausibility of this …

Little is known about how the human brain differs from that of our closest relatives. To
investigate the genetic basis of human specializations in brain organization and cognition …

Even though human and chimpanzee gene sequences are nearly 99% identical, sequence
comparisons can nevertheless be highly informative in identifying biologically important …

Messenger RNA is a key component of an intricate regulatory network of its own. It
accommodates numerous nucleotide signals that overlap protein coding sequences and are …

Background In mammals, contrary to what is usually assumed, recent evidence suggests
that synonymous mutations may not be selectively neutral. This position has proven …