Reagents that bind tightly and specifically to biomolecules of interest remain essential in the
exploration of biology and in their ultimate application to medicine. Besides ligands for …

Background The incidence of food allergy has been increasing in recent years, but the
prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of food allergy remain challenges in the world. Food …

G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a class of integral membrane proteins that detect
environmental cues and trigger cellular responses. Deciphering the functional states of …

Cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has widened the field of structure-based drug
discovery by allowing for routine determination of membrane protein structures previously …

Adenosine monophosphate (AMP)–activated protein kinase (AMPK) regulates metabolism
in response to the cellular energy states. Under energy stress, AMP stabilizes the active …

Both CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and atypical chemokine receptor 3 (ACKR3) are
activated by the chemokine CXCL12 yet evoke distinct cellular responses. CXCR4 is a …

With conformation-specific nanobodies being used for a wide range of structural,
biochemical, and cell biological applications, there is a demand for antigen-binding …

Frizzleds (Fzd) are the primary receptors for Wnt morphogens, which are essential
regulators of stem cell biology, yet the structural basis of Wnt signaling through Fzd remains …

C-linked glycosylation is essential for the trafficking, folding and function of secretory and
transmembrane proteins involved in cellular communication processes. The tryptophan C …

Leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 8 (LRRC8) family members form volume-regulated
anion channels activated by hypoosmotic cell swelling. LRRC8 channels are ubiquitously …