Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) causes a huge medical burden due to its high morbidity and
disability rate. Emerging evidences demonstrate that RA has a tumor-like microenvironment …

Cancer immunotherapy is an effective antitumor approach through activating immune
systems to eradicate tumors by immunotherapeutics. However, direct administration of …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by synovitis and
destruction of cartilage, promoted by sustained inflammation. However, current treatments …

Macrophages play essential roles in the progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which are
polarized into the pro‐inflammatory M1 phenotype with significant oxidative stress and …

Excessive cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in the serum and synovium is considered a causative factor
of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Thus, cfDNA scavenging by using cationic polymers has been …

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) acts as a powerful weapon against infectious diseases for its
enormous antimicrobial activity that quickly elicits storms of reactive oxygen species (ROS) …

Progress has been made in the application of nanomedicine in rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
treatment. However, the whole process of monitoring and treatment of RA remains a …

Succinate is a circulating metabolite, and the relationship between abnormal changes in the
physiological concentration of succinate and inflammatory diseases caused by the …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), acting as essential mediators in biological system, play
important roles in the physiologic and pathologic processes, including cellular signal …

Autoimmune diseases are a group of serious immune system disorders that are usually
idiopathic and persistent. Currently, autoimmune diseases are often diagnosed after obvious …