Abstract Since SARS-CoV-2 BA. 5 (Omicron) emerged and spread in 2022, Omicron
lineages have markedly diversified. Here we review the evolutionary trajectories and …

The recombination between immunoglobulin (IG) gene segments determines an individual's
naïve antibody repertoire and, consequently,(auto) antigen recognition. Emerging evidence …

The human immune response must continuously adapt to newly emerging SARS-CoV-2
variants. To investigate how B cells respond to repeated SARS-CoV-2 antigen exposure by …

Antibody-mediated immunity plays a crucial role in protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
We isolated a panel of neutralizing anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) antibodies elicited …

Background The COVID-19 pandemic continues to pose a significant worldwide threat to
human health, as emerging SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants exhibit resistance to therapeutic …

As SARS-CoV-2 variants continue evolving, testing updated vaccines in non-human
primates remains important for guiding human clinical practice. To date, such studies have …

As severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concerns
(VOCs) continue to emerge, cross-neutralizing antibody responses become key toward next …

Somatic hypermutation (SHM) drives affinity maturation and continues over months in SARS-
CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies (nAbs). However, several potent SARS-CoV-2 antibodies …

Understanding persistence and evolution of B cell clones after COVID-19 infection and
vaccination is crucial for predicting responses against emerging viral variants and optimizing …

Although the efficacy and commercial success of vaccines and therapeutic antibodies have
been tremendous, designing and discovering new drug candidates remains a labor-, time …