Probiotics are live beneficial bacteria introduced into the gastrointestinal tract through food
or water, promoting good health by enhancing the internal microbial balance. Probiotic …

Aquaculture effluent is often associated with increased organic carbon, suspended solids,
phosphates, nitrogenous species (nitrates, nitrites, and ammonia), chemical oxygen demand …

Microorganisms play a crucial and unique role in fish and fish product safety. The presence
of human pathogens and the formation of histamine caused by spoilage bacteria make the …

Background The constant global need for food has created a demand for colossal food
production. Every day the world requires more food than it is capable of growing and …

Plastic pollution has become a global problem for marine ecosystems. Microplastics (MPs)
are consumed by several marine organisms, including benthic and pelagic fish species that …

Microorganisms play an important role in water quality maintenance, waste management,
productivity enhancement, nutrient cycling, functional feed development, protection against …

Our world is now facing a multitude of novel infectious diseases. Bacterial infections are
treated with antibiotics, albeit with increasing difficulty as many of the more common causes …

Antibiotic growth promoters have been utilized for long time at subtherapeutic levels as feed
supplements in monogastric animal rations. Because of their side-effects such as antibiotic …

Probiotics are widely used in aquafeeds and exhibited beneficial effects on fish by improving
host health and resisting pathogens. However, probiotics applied to aquaculture are mainly …

This review aims to explore developments in the usage of multistrain probiotics in
commercial freshwater‐cultured fish and to address factors that affect the efficacies of …