Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular disease characterized by sudden interruption of
blood flow in a certain part of the brain, leading to serious disability and death. At present …

Persistent endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is thought to drive the pathology of many
chronic disorders due to its potential to elicit aberrant inflammatory signaling and facilitate …

Insomnia is well-known as trouble in sleeping and enormously influences human life due to
the shortage of sleep. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) accrue in neurons during the waking …

Optic nerve disorders encompass a wide spectrum of conditions characterized by the loss of
retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and subsequent degeneration of the optic nerve. The etiology …

Neuronal death and inflammatory response are two common pathological hallmarks of
acute central nervous system injury and chronic degenerative disorders, both of which are …

Background Obesity is a major public health problem whose prevalence has been rapidly
increasing in the United States (US), and globally. It is one of the leading causes of …

Astrocytes are glial cells that support neurological function in the central nervous system
(CNS), in part, by providing structural support for neuronal synapses and blood vessels …

Mild blast-induced traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with blood-brain barrier (BBB)
disruption. However, the mechanisms whereby blast disrupts BBB integrity are not well …

The brain and the retina share many physiological similarities, which allows the retina to
serve as a model of CNS disease and disorder. In instances of trauma, the eye can even …

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a complex injury that can cause severe disabilities and even
death. TBI can induce secondary injury cascades, including but not limited to endoplasmic …