Large bone defects are a major global health concern. Bone tissue engineering (BTE) is the
most promising alternative to avoid the drawbacks of autograft and allograft bone …

Treatment of bone defects remains a challenge in the clinic. Artificial bone grafts are the
most promising alternative to autologous bone grafting. However, one of the limiting factors …

Bone formation is a complex regeneration process that was regulated by many signalling
pathways, such as Wnt, Notch, BMP and Hedgehog (Hh). All of these signalling have been …

Abstract Purpose of Review The purpose of this review is to provide a background on
osteocytes and the primary cilium, discussing the role it plays in osteocyte mechanosensing …

The repair of critical bone defects remains challenging worldwide. Three canonical pillars
(biomaterial scaffolds, bioactive molecules, and stem cells) of bone tissue engineering have …

A fundamental problem in tissue morphogenesis is identifying how subcellular signaling
regulates mesoscale organization of tissues. The primary cilium is a paradigmatic organelle …

Osteoporosis is the loss of bone density, which is one of the main problems in developed
and developing countries and is more common in the elderly. Because this disease is often …

In growing children, growth plate cartilage has limited self-repair ability upon fracture injury
always leading to limb growth arrest. Interestingly, one type of fracture injuries within the …

Primary cilia are non-motile, microtubule-based sensory organelle present in most
vertebrate cells with a fundamental role in the modulation of organismal development …

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are integral to bone remodeling and
homeostasis, as they are capable of differentiating into osteogenic and adipogenic lineages …