The centenary of insulin discovery represents an important opportunity to transform diabetes
from a fatal diagnosis into a medically manageable chronic condition. Insulin is a key …

Mechanisms underlying mechanical overload-induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy have
been extensively researched since the landmark report by Morpurgo (1897) of “work …

Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is characterized by
unexplained debilitating fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, gastrointestinal disturbances, and …

Exercise has long been known for its active role in improving physical fitness and sustaining
health. Regular moderate-intensity exercise improves all aspects of human health and is …

Gut microbiota refers to those microorganisms in the human digestive tract that display
activities fundamental in human life. With at least 4 million different bacterial types, the gut …

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex disorder characterized by chronic
inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). IBD mainly includes two distinct diseases …

Physical activity is essential in weight management, improves overall health, and mitigates
obesity-related risk markers. Besides inducing changes in systemic metabolism, habitual …

Aging is associated with a decline in skeletal muscle mass and function—termed sarcopenia—
as mediated, in part, by muscle anabolic resistance. This metabolic phenomenon describes …

Strenuous exercise is synonymous with disturbing gastrointestinal integrity and function,
subsequently prompting systemic immune responses and exercise-associated …

The human gut microbiome is a complex ecosystem of microorganisms that play an
important role in human health, influencing functions such as vitamin uptake, digestion and …