Large-scale, intra-seasonal to inter-annual variability of the stratosphere is reviewed. Much
of the variability is dynamical and induced by waves emanating from the troposphere. It is …

Abstract Very large (~ 2000 members) initial-condition ensemble simulations have been
performed to advance understanding of mean climate and extreme weather responses to …

Using 25 quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO)-resolving models from phases 5 and 6 of the
Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5/6), this study systematically explores the …

Progress and persistent biases in the simulation of the stratospheric polar vortex from three
generations of Coupled Model Intercomparison Projects (CMIPs) are assessed. On average …

Simulations of Institute of Numerical Mathematics (INM) coupled climate model 5th version
for the period from 2015 to 2100 under moderate (SSP2-4.5) and severe (SSP5-8.5) …

Using different scenario experiments by the CESM2-WACCM model, the simulation and
projection of the SSW and its impact on the near surface are explored as compared with the …

In this study, observational and model datasets are used to analyze winter precipitation and
its leading empirical orthogonal function (EOF1) mode over Southeast China. EOF1 displays …

The dominant pattern of Northern Hemisphere extratropical climate variability is the Northern
Annular Mode (NAM), which in wintertime represents the coupling of the stratospheric and …

Orographic gravity waves (OGWs) are an important mechanism for coupling of the free
atmosphere with the surface, mediating the momentum and energy transport and influencing …

Sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs) are associated with episodes of extreme winter
weather, often leading to significant societal impacts. Using observations alone, it is hard to …