Primary cilia project in a single copy from the surface of most vertebrate cell types; they
detect and transmit extracellular cues to regulate diverse cellular processes during …

Immuno-positron emission tomography (immunoPET) is a paradigm-shifting molecular
imaging modality combining the superior targeting specificity of monoclonal antibody (mAb) …

Owing to the dysregulation of protein kinase activity in many diseases including cancer, the
protein kinase enzyme family has become one of the most important drug targets in the 21st …

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex meshwork of extracellular matrix (ECM)
macromolecules filled with a collection of cells including cancer-associated fibroblasts …

The Hanahan and Weinberg “hallmarks of cancer” papers provide a useful structure for
considering the various mechanisms driving cancer progression, and the same might be …

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a highly malignant tumor occurring in bone tissue with a high
propensity to metastasize, and its underlying mechanisms remain largely elusive. The OS …

Patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer are at risk of metastatic relapse
for decades after primary tumor resection and treatment, a consequence of dormant …

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) was discovered as a serum-derived component
necessary for the growth of smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, and glial cells. The PDGF family …

Background A better definition of biomarkers and biological processes related to local
recurrence and disease progression is highly warranted for ductal breast carcinoma in situ …

Recent clinical trials have shown several multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) to be
effective in the treatment of osteosarcoma. However, these TKIs have a number of targets …