This chapter explores how bottom-up and top-down language policies in the Gulf countries
interact with wider language ideologies and discourses related to globalization …

This chapter provides a realist approach to studying agency in language policy and
planning (LPP), largely informed by the works of Margaret Archer, Derek Layder, Alison …

The introductory chapter provides an overview of the book's main theme: linguistic identities
in the Arab Gulf States and waves of change. The introduction discusses the content of the …

Research now is increasingly multilingual, multidisciplinary and multinational, and often
takes place in contexts where multiple languages are at play and are unequally positioned …

The study explores language maintenance and shift patterns from a family language policy
perspective in Azerbaijani-Farsi bilingual families in the City of Zanjan, Iran. The city is the …

Despite its numerous benefits and potentialities for language learning and teaching, digital
technology can also play a role in creating and and maintaining inequality. While critical …

In its fourth decade of progress, the movement to revitalize ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi is largely seen
as successful, such that some have claimed the movement is now in the phase of language …

This study examines the language policy of independent Azerbaijan in relation to national
identity. Azerbaijan is an independent multi-ethnic republic and has implemented its own …

Language policy and planning (LPP) in the Gulf states of Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, the
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) is frequently changing and …

Language policy and planning (LPP) in the Gulf states of Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, the
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) is frequently changing and …