Multiple drug resistance (MDR), referring to the resistance of cancer cells to a broad
spectrum of structurally and mechanistically unrelated drugs across membranes, severely …

Background Piperine is a type of amide alkaloid that exhibits pleiotropic properties like
antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, hepatoprotective …

Cancer is a prominent cause of death globally. Currently, many drugs that are in clinical
practice are having a high prevalence of side effect and multidrug resistance. Risk of tumors …

Oral administration is the most commonly used route for drug delivery owing to its cost-
effectiveness, ease of administration, and high patient compliance. However, the absorption …

Development of multidrug resistance (MDR) still remains a major obstacle to the long-term
success of cancer therapy. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is a well-identified membrane transporter …

ABC (ATP-binding cassette) transporters represent one of the largest and most diverse
superfamily of proteins in living species, playing an important role in many biological …

The discovery of effective drugs for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) is a
deadlock. Due to their complex etiology and high heterogeneity, progresses in the …

Despite the huge investment into research and the significant effort and advances made in
the search for new anticancer drugs in recent decades, cancer cure and treatment continue …

The neurovascular system (NVS), which consisted of neurons, glia, and vascular cells, is a
functional and structural unit of the brain. The NVS regulates blood-brain barrier (BBB) …

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe, family: Zingiberaceae), originating in South-East Asia, is
one of the most used spices and condiments for foods and beverages. It is also used in …