The reconsolidation hypothesis states that memories, when reactivated, enter a transient,
labile state followed by a re-stabilization termed reconsolidation. By affecting the …

Educational systems are rarely designed for long-term retention of information. Strong
evidence has emerged from cognitive psychology and applied education studies that …

Practice takes many forms, but they all entail repeated learning opportunities. The
effectiveness of practice is well known to depend on how these learning opportunities are …

Retrieving information from memory enhances learning. We propose a 2-stage framework to
explain the benefits of retrieval. Stage 1 takes place as one attempts to retrieve an answer …

When a consolidated memory is reactivated, it can become labile and prone to
enhancement or disruption, a process known as reconsolidation. The reconsolidation …

In 7 experiments, we explored the role of retrieval in associative updating, that is, in
incorporating new information into an associative memory. We tested the hypothesis that …

The idea that memories are not invariable after the consolidation process has led to new
perspectives about several mnemonic processes. In this framework, we review our studies …

One of the functional roles posited for retrieval-induced memory malleability is that it allows
memories to be updated with new information. A large body of literature from the cognitive …

Memory reconsolidation is hypothesized to be a mechanism by which memories can be
updated with new information. Such updating has previously been shown to weaken …

We conducted three experiments testing the malleability of memory in incorporating new
information following retrieval. All experiments used associative lists typical of the DRM …