As well as undergoing genetic evolution, cancer cells can alter their epigenetic state to
adapt and resist treatment. This non-genetic evolution is emerging as a major component of …

Individual cells within an otherwise genetically homogenous population constantly undergo
fluctuations in their molecular state, giving rise to non-genetic heterogeneity. Such diversity …

Despite recent advances in circuit engineering, the design of genetic networks in
mammalian cells is still painstakingly slow and fraught with inexplicable failures. Here, we …

Resistance to anti-estrogen therapy is an unsolved clinical challenge in successfully treating
ER+ breast cancer patients. Recent studies have demonstrated the role of non-genetic (ie …

The operation of the central metabolism is typically assumed to be deterministic, but
dynamics and high connectivity of the metabolic network make it potentially prone to …

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Non-genetic alterations can produce changes in a cell's phenotype. In cancer, these
phenomena can influence a cell's fitness by conferring access to heritable, beneficial …

Drug resistance continues to impede the success of cancer treatments, creating a need for
experimental model systems that are broad, yet simple, to allow the identification of …

Gene gain and loss are crucial factors that shape the evolutionary success of diverse
organisms. In the past two decades, more attention has been paid to the significance of …

A major pharmacological assumption is that lowering disease-promoting protein levels is
generally beneficial. For example, inhibiting metastasis activator BACH1 is proposed to …