We propose a general superstructure and a model for the global optimization for integrated
process water networks. The superstructure consists of multiple sources of water, water …

Water network synthesis has been an active area of research for the past one and a half
decades. Many think that the technology reached a mature stage in the late 1990s …

This work presents the water cascade analysis (WCA) as a new technique to establish the
minimum water and wastewater targets for continuous water‐using processes. The WCA is a …

The implementation of sustainable water management practices, through the recycling and
reuse of water, is essential in terms of minimizing production costs and the environmental …

An algorithm is proposed to target the minimum freshwater for fixed flow rate (FF) problems
in single‐contaminant water networks. The approach is based on an extension of the limiting …

Development of methodologies to minimize water use in industries has become an
important area in Process Integration due to an increase in environmental awareness, at the …

Development of maximum water recovery (MWR) networks for continuous processes based
on Pinch Analysis has been rather well established. In contrast, less work has been done on …

A new network structure is proposed in which internal water mains are utilized. The structure
simplifies the piping network, as well as the operation and control of large plants involving …

Water reuse/recycle has gained much attention in recent years for environmental
sustainability reasons, as well as the rising costs of fresh water and effluent treatment …

Water minimization in the process industry is becoming increasingly important as
environmental legislation becomes increasingly stringent and the awareness of the impact …