The cold-start condition is an important factor affecting vehicle emissions from gasoline
direct injection (GDI) and port fuel injection (PFI) vehicles. This paper studied the recent …

Low emission vehicle technologies need widespread adoption in the transport sector to
overcome its significant decarbonisation challenges. Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) …

PHEVs (Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles) are thought to be energy and environment friendly,
while these conclusions are seldom verified during real driving tests. To evaluate PHEV real …

The control strategy of hybrid vehicles is mainly optimized for better fuel efficiency and
hybrid electric vehicles were reported to have higher particle emissions than conventional …

Meeting cold-start emissions standards for particulate emissions and the criteria air
pollutants, NO, CO and unburned hydrocarbons (HC), is critical for gasoline direct-injection …

Cold-start, as defined by the time between first engine crank and three-way catalyst light-off,
is responsible for a large percentage of NO x, unburned hydrocarbon, and particulate matter …

Compared to comparably sized conventional light duty gasoline vehicles (CLDGVs), plug-in
hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) may offer benefits of improved energy economy, reduced …

Hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) tend to emit large amount of gaseous and particle emissions
right after engine restart (ER). In this study, on-board particulate number (PN) measurement …

The present investigation pertains to the development of fast idle catalyst light-off strategy for
a light duty gasoline compression ignition (GCI) engine. The engine cold start fast idle …

Internal combustion engine (ICE) cold-start is an issue that occurs either in conventional and
hybrid powertrains before the ICE reaches its normal operation temperature, affecting both …