This chapter describes reference analysis, a method to produce Bayesian inferential
statements which only depend on the assumed model and the available data. Statistical …

Bayesian methods for cluster randomized trials extend the random‐effects formulation by
allowing both the use of external evidence on parameters and straightforward relaxation of …

Analysis of variance (ANOVA) models have become widely used tools and play a
fundamental role in much of the application of statistics today. In particular, ANOVA models …

The sample size required for a cluster randomized trial depends on the magnitude of the
intracluster correlation coefficient (ICC). The usual sample size calculation makes no …

Recently, there has been a growing interest in designing cluster trials using stepped wedge
design (SWD). An SWD is a type of cluster–crossover design in which clusters of individuals …

Studies in health research are commonly carried out in clustered settings, where the
individual response data are correlated within clusters. Estimation and modelling of the …

In this article, we estimate heritability or intraclass correlation in a mixed linear model having
two sources of variation. In most applications, the commonly used restricted maximum …

Reliability estimation is a frequently conducted analysis for behavioral measure-ment data
employed to quantify the amount of measurement error. Although the field of reliability has …

The purpose of this article is to evaluate and compare several three-level cluster
randomized designs on the basis of their power functions. The power function of cluster …

O coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (Intraclass correlation coefficient-ICC) é uma das
ferramentas estatísticas mais utilizadas para a mensuração da confiabilidade de medidas …