Alcohol and substance abuse disorders involve continued use of substances despite
negative consequences, ie loss of behavioral control of drug use. The frontal-cortical areas …

Cognitive impairments in substance use disorders have been extensively researched,
especially since the advent of cognitive and computational neuroscience and neuroimaging …

Abstract Background The US National Institutes of Mental Health Research Domain Criteria
(RDoC) seek to stimulate research into biologically validated neuropsychological …

Excessive consumption of alcohol is among the leading causes of preventable death
worldwide. Although ethanol modulates a variety of molecular targets, including several …

The opioid system regulates affective processing, including pain, pleasure, and reward.
Restricting the role of this system to hedonic modulation may be an underestimation …

One of the major functions of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is to promote flexible motivated
behavior. It is no surprise, therefore, that recent work has demonstrated a prominent impact …

Value-based decisions optimize behavioral outcomes. Because delayed rewards are
discounted, an increased tendency to choose smaller, immediate rewards can lead to …

Increasing evidence suggests that the cerebellum could play a role in the higher cognitive
processes involved in addiction as the cerebellum contains anatomical and functional …

This paper is the 29th consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning
the endogenous opioid system, now spanning 30 years of research. It summarizes papers …

Increased responding to drug-associated stimuli (cue reactivity) and an inability to tolerate
delayed gratification (reward impulsivity) have been implicated in the development and …