Serine proteinases such as thrombin, mast cell tryptase, trypsin, or cathepsin G, for example,
are highly active mediators with diverse biological activities. So far, proteinases have been …

Extracellular endogenous proteases, as well as exogenous proteases from mites and molds,
react with cell-surface receptors in the airways to generate leukocyte infiltration and to …

In a recent study, the difference between asthma and eosinophilic bronchitis (a condition
characterized by cough but not airway hyperresponsiveness or airflow obstruction) was …

Inhalation aerosols continue to be the basis for successful lung therapy for several diseases,
with therapeutic strategies and the range of technology significantly evolving in recent years …

Asthma is characterised by airway hyperresponsiveness, airway inflammation and airway
remodelling. Airway smooth muscle cells are known to be the main effector cells of airway …

Skeletal muscle has a high capacity to repair and remodel in response to damage, largely
through the action of resident muscle stem cells, termed satellite cells. Satellite cells are …

Asthmatic patients have higher numbers of mast cells in the smooth muscle layer of airways
than normal subjects. Human airway smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) are a source of various …

β-Arrestins are pleiotropic molecules that mediate signal desensitization, G-protein-
independent signaling, scaffolding of signaling molecules, and chemotaxis. Protease …

Airway smooth muscle (ASM) extends from the trachea throughout the bronchial tree to the
terminal bronchioles. In utero, spontaneous phasic contraction of fetal ASM is critical for …

Proteinase‐activated receptor‐2 belongs to a new subfamily of G‐protein‐coupled
receptors. Its precise role during inflammation and the underlying mechanisms is still …