Amyloid β protein (Aβ) is the main component of neuritic plaques in Alzheimer's disease
(AD), and its accumulation has been considered as the molecular driver of Alzheimer's …

Glutamate is the most commonly engaged neurotransmitter in the mammalian central
nervous system, acting to mediate excitatory neurotransmission. However, high levels of …

The uptake of calcium into and extrusion of calcium from the mitochondrial matrix is a
fundamental biological process that has critical effects on cellular metabolism, signaling …

Mitochondria are vital organelles with distinct morphological features and functional
properties. The dynamic network of mitochondria undergoes structural and functional …

Synaptic activity imposes large energy demands that are met by local adenosine
triphosphate (ATP) synthesis through glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative …

Actin plays many well-known roles in cells, and understanding any specific role is often
confounded by the overlap of multiple actin-based structures in space and time. Here, we …

How do neurons match generation of adenosine triphosphate by mitochondria to the
bioenergetic demands of regenerative activity? Although the subject of speculation, this …

Background Growing evidence associates organ dysfunction (s) with impaired metabolism
in sepsis. Recent research has increased our understanding of the role of substrate …

Human studies consistently identify bioenergetic maladaptations in brains upon aging and
neurodegenerative disorders of aging (NDAs), such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's …

Brain computation is metabolically expensive and requires the supply of significant amounts
of energy. Mitochondria are highly specialized organelles whose main function is to …