Plant-based diets, defined here as including both vegan and lacto-ovo-vegetarian diets, are
growing in popularity throughout the Western world for various reasons, including concerns …

Some dietary supplements are recommended to athletes based on data that supports
improved exercise performance. Other dietary supplements are not ergogenic per se, but …

Throughout the sport-science and sports-medicine literature, the term “elite” subjects might
be one of the most overused and ill-defined terms. Currently, there is no common …

Nutrition usually makes a small but potentially valuable contribution to successful
performance in elite athletes, and dietary supplements can make a minor contribution to this …

Football is a global game which is constantly evolving, showing substantial increases in
physical and technical demands. Nutrition plays a valuable integrated role in optimising …

Injuries are an inevitable consequence of athletic performance with most athletes sustaining
one or more during their athletic careers. As many as one in 12 athletes incur an injury …

Minerals and trace elements (MTEs) are micronutrients involved in hundreds of biological
processes. Deficiency in MTEs can negatively affect athletic performance. Approximately …

Individuals may opt to follow a plant-based diet for a variety of reasons, such as religious
practices, health benefits or concerns for animal or environmental welfare. Such diets offer a …

Training at low to moderate altitudes (~ 1600–2400 m) is a common approach used by
endurance athletes to provide a distinctive environmental stressor to augment training …

The ergogenic effect of caffeine is well-established, but the extent of its consumption in sport
is unknown at the present. The use of caffeine was considered “prohibited” until 2004, but …