Plant pathogens are one of the main factors hindering the breeding of cash crops.
Pathogens, including oomycetes, fungus, and bacteria, secrete effectors as invasion …

Pseudomonas syringae is one of the most common plant pathogens that infect the
phyllosphere. P. syringae can live on the plant surface as an epiphyte. To cause disease, it …

Plants are under relentless challenge by pathogenic bacteria, fungi, and oomycetes, for
whom they provide a resource of living space and nutrients. Upon detection of pathogens …

Auxin is arguably the most important signaling molecule in plants, and the last few decades
have seen remarkable breakthroughs in understanding its production, transport, and …

The constant struggle between plants and microbes has driven the evolution of multiple
defense strategies in the host as well as offense strategies in the pathogen. To defend …

Salicylic acid (SA) is an important phytohormone that plays a vital role in a number of
physiological responses, including plant defense. The last two decades have witnessed a …

Pathogenicity of most Gram-negative plant-pathogenic bacteria depends on the type III
secretion (T3S) system, which translocates bacterial effector proteins into plant cells. Type III …

Plant hormones are essential regulators of plant growth and immunity. In the last few
decades, a vast amount of information has been obtained detailing the role of different plant …

Plants are under constant attack from pathogens and herbivorous insects. To protect and
defend themselves, plants evolved a multi-layered surveillance system, known as the innate …

Plant pathogens have evolved several strategies to manipulate the biology of their hosts to
facilitate colonization, growth to high levels in plant tissue, and production of disease. One of …