Beach nourishment—the addition of sand to increase the width or sand volume of the beach—
is a widespread coastal management technique to counteract coastal erosion. Globally …

Urban and periurban ocean developments impact 1.5% of the global exclusive economic
zones, and the demand for ocean space and resources is increasing. As we strive for a more …

The sprawl of marine construction is one of the most extreme human modifications to global
seascapes. Nevertheless, its global extent remains largely unquantified compared to that on …

Rehabilitated and restored mangrove ecosystems have important ecological, economic, and
social values for coastal communities. Although a sine qua non of successful mangrove …

Human population density within 100 km of the sea is approximately three times higher than
the global average. People in this zone are concentrated in coastal cities that are hubs for …

Coastal wetlands such as mangrove forests and saltmarshes provide a range of important
benefits to people, broadly defined as ecosystem services. These include provisioning …

A central goal in ecology is to understand what maintains species diversity in local
communities. Classic ecological theory, posits that niches dictate the maximum number of …

Coastal marine ecosystems provide critical goods and services to humanity but many are
experiencing rapid degradation. The need for effective restoration tools capable of …

In the marine environment, natural reef habitats are amongst the most threatened by human
activities. Although reef-based ecotourism can benefit local economies, dive tourism can …

Seagrass meadows are important shallow coastal ecosystems due to their contribution to
enhancing biodiversity, nutrient cycling, carbon burial, and sediment stabilisation, but the …