Abstract Launched on 12 Aug. 2018, NASA's Parker Solar Probe had completed 13 of its
scheduled 24 orbits around the Sun by Nov. 2022. The mission's primary science goal is to …

One characteristic trait of space plasmas is the multi-scale dynamics resulting from non-
linear transfers and conversions of various forms of energy. Routinely evidenced in a range …

Astrophysical plasmas have the remarkable ability to preserve magnetic topology, which
inevitably gives rise to the accumulation of magnetic energy within stressed regions …

Aims. Solar Orbiter, the first mission of ESA's Cosmic Vision 2015–2025 programme and a
mission of international collaboration between ESA and NASA, will explore the Sun and …

After decades of observations of solar energetic particles from space-based observatories,
relevant questions on particle injection, transport, and acceleration remain open. To address …

The first radial alignment between Parker Solar Probe and Solar Orbiter spacecraft is used
to investigate the evolution of solar wind turbulence in the inner heliosphere. Assuming …

The Solar Orbiter mission seeks to make connections between the physical processes
occurring at the Sun or in the solar corona and the nature of the solar wind created by those …

The magnetometer instrument on the Solar Orbiter mission is designed to measure the
magnetic field local to the spacecraft continuously for the entire mission duration. The need …

The Wind spacecraft, launched on November 1, 1994, is a critical element in NASA's
Heliophysics System Observatory (HSO)—a fleet of spacecraft created to understand the …

Aims. This paper describes the Polarimetric and Helioseismic Imager on the Solar Orbiter
mission (SO/PHI), the first magnetograph and helioseismology instrument to observe the …