Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease consisting of different biological subtypes, with
differences in terms of incidence, response to diverse treatments, risk of disease …

Despite an increase in the incidence of breast cancer worldwide, overall prognosis has
been consistently improving owing to the development of multiple targeted therapies and …

Estrogen receptor (ER) antagonist, tamoxifen has been universally used for the treatment of
the ER-positive breast cancer; however, the inevitable emergence of resistance to tamoxifen …

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive type of breast cancers which
constitutes about 15% of all breast cancer cases and characterized by negative expression …

Autophagy is an essential function to breakdown cellular proteins and organelles to recycle
for new nutrient building blocks. In colorectal cancer, the importance of autophagy is …

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common bone malignancy and preferably occurs in children
and adolescents. Despite significant advances in surgery and chemotherapy for OS over the …

Significance: Autophagy is critical to cellular homeostasis. Emergence of the concept of
regulated necrosis, such as necroptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and mitochondrial …

Energy metabolism is the process of generating energy (ie ATP) from nutrients. This process
is indispensable for cell homeostasis maintenance and responses to varying conditions …

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a subclass of noncoding RNAs composed of more
than 200 nucleotides without the ability to encode functional proteins. Given their …

Simple Summary With the mortality rate of pancreatic cancer predicted to rise over the
coming years, it is essential that effective treatment strategies are developed as soon as …