Sulfur mustard (SM), an extremely reactive alkylating toxicant, which poses a continuing
threat to both military and civilian populations. SM targets three major organs including skin …

Mustard gas, even in low doses, has the ability to inflict damage in multiple organs
especially the skin, eyes, as well as the respiratory tract. This damage may cause many …

Ocular damages induced by sulfur mustard (SM) are the important problems in exposed
patients. The damaging mechanisms are not clearly understood. In the present study the …

Sulfur mustard (2, 2-dichlorodiethyl sulfide: SM), the protagonist of vesicant chemical
weapons, was first used in July 1917. Despite prohibition of its production and use by …

Background Severe limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) resulting from chronic and delayed-
onset mustard gas keratopathy (MGK) presents substantial management challenges. This …

The serum levels of four important and well characterized inflammatory chemokines
including MCP-1/CCL2, RANTES/CCL5, IL-8/CXCL8 and Fractalkine/CX3CL1 were …

The selectins (L, P and E) are carbohydrate-binding membrane glycoproteins acting as
adhesion molecules involved in the development of different inflammatory reactions. Various …

Sulfur mustard (SM) is highly toxic for various organs. The eyes, skin, respiratory tract, as
well hematopoietic and immune systems are the main organs affected by SM. Granulocyte …

Abstract Objective In 1988, the Iraqi government used a range of chemical weapons (CWs)
against the Iraqi Kurds of Halabja. Here, we aim to investigate the long-term health …

IL-10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that is important in the regulation of inflammatory
processes in different conditions. Sulfur mustard (SM) intoxicated patients are suffering from …