Background Preventive therapy among patients with established atherosclerotic
cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is generally underused. Whether new guideline …

Background Coronary artery calcium (CAC) is a measure of atherosclerotic burden and is
well-validated for risk stratification in middle-to older-aged adults. Few studies have …

Background Coronary artery calcium (CAC) is well‐validated for cardiovascular disease risk
stratification in middle to older–aged adults; however, the 2019 American College of …

OBJECTIVES Coronary artery disease is becoming a major health concern in the young
population. Male and female patients may experience different journeys after coronary artery …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common complication of diabetes and is often
characterized by damage to retinal vascular microcirculation, resulting in retinal exudation …

Introduction: As the leading cause of death globally, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
(ASCVD) carries substantial cost burden for patients and the healthcare system. Although …

Introduction: Heart attack and stroke are two diseases causing four out of five patients with
cardiovascular disease to experience early death at the age of below 70 years old. Coronary …

Background Lithuania possesses one of the highest alcohol per capita consumption and
has previously implemented alcohol control policies to reduce the alcohol-attributable …

Objectives The aim of this study was to analyze long-term outcomes of Chinese coronary
artery disease (CAD) patients with (and without) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease …

Coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG) is an important approach to treating
coronary heart disease. However, patients undergoing open heart surgery are at risk of …