This chapter discusses illiberal politics and state development in what many have been
understood as Third Wave democracies. Taking the Indonesian experience as primary case …

This chapter discusses how the EU offers a favourable political configuration for illiberalism,
particularly given its transformative impact on national sovereignty and democracy. It …

This chapter provides an overview of illiberalism as a formative line of policymaking in the
economic development of the past two centuries, with a focus on the last two decades. It first …

Demokracja i wartości demokratyczne są wpisane w podstawową ideę funkcjonowania Unii
Europejskiej. Dlatego pogorszenie tych zasad stwarza istotne wyzwania dla Unii. Głównym …

This chapter explores the relationship between the rise of right-wing populism and the future
of free trade, by looking at both demand-side and supply-side mechanisms. On the demand …

What are the consequences of electing populist leaders? This question is of continued
importance as populist leaders challenge elections and impact politics across the world …

This chapter discusses the ideological modules of the recent wave of autocratization. It
detects the emergence of still fragmented but increasingly robust illiberal argumentation …

The end of the Cold War was viewed by many as the unilateral defeat of authoritarian
communism and the final supremacy of democratic capitalism. Best summarized in Francis …