The last few years have seen a wealth of research on external human–machine interfaces
(eHMIs). It has been argued that eHMIs are vital because they fill the social interaction void …

Automated driving research over the past decades has mostly focused on highway
environments. Recent technological developments have drawn researchers and …

Interaction with vulnerable road users in complex urban traffic environments poses a
significant challenge for automated vehicles. Solutions to facilitate safe and acceptable …

To be successful, automated vehicles (AVs) need to be able to manoeuvre in mixed traffic in
a way that will be accepted by road users, and maximises traffic safety and efficiency. A …

The objective of this study was to investigate pedestrians' informational needs towards self-
driving vehicles (SDVs). Previous research has shown that external human-machine …

Rapid advances in technology for highly automated vehicles (HAVs) have raised concerns
about coexistence of HAVs and human road users. Although there is a long tradition of …

The automotive industry has presented a variety of external human-machine interfaces
(eHMIs) for automated vehicles (AVs). However, there appears to be no consensus on which …

Autonomous vehicles'(AVs) interactions with pedestrians remain an ongoing uncertainty.
Several studies have claimed the need for explicit external human-machine interfaces …

Introduction: In current urban traffic, pedestrians attempting to cross the road at un-
signalized locations are thought to mostly use implicit communication, such as deceleration …

The intentions of an automated vehicle are hard to spot in the absence of eye contact with a
driver or other established means of communication. External car displays have been …