Environmental transformation of carbon nanoparticles can significantly affect their transport,
fate, and effects. The last decade of environmental nano-science has often focused on …

High-energy particle accelerators have been crucial in providing a deeper understanding of
fundamental particles and the forces that govern their interactions. To increase the energy of …

We give direct experimental evidence for the observation of the full transverse self-
modulation of a long, relativistic proton bunch propagating through a dense plasma. The …

A long, narrow, relativistic charged particle bunch propagating in plasma is subject to the
self-modulation (SM) instability. We show that SM of a proton bunch can be seeded by the …

We measure the effects of transverse wakefields driven by a relativistic proton bunch in
plasma with densities of 2.1× 10 14 and 7.7× 10 14 electrons/cm 3. We show that these …

We use a relativistic ionization front to provide various initial transverse wakefield
amplitudes for the self-modulation of a long proton bunch in plasma. We show …

Plasma wakefield acceleration is a promising technology to reduce the size of particle
accelerators. The use of high energy protons to drive wakefields in plasma has been …

We briefly describe the basic physics principles considered for planning of the AWAKE Run
2 experiment. These principles are based on experimental results obtained during Run 1 …

Intense particle beams generated from the interaction of ultrahigh intensity lasers with
sample foils provide options in radiography, high-yield neutron sources, high-energy-density …

We present the scheme for a rubidium vapor source that is used as a plasma source in the
AWAKE plasma wakefield acceleration experiment. The plasma wakefield acceleration …