In the natural environment, plants are often bombarded by a combination of abiotic (such as
drought, salt, heat or cold) and biotic (necrotrophic and biotrophic pathogens) stresses …

Lipids are one of the major components of biological membranes including the plasma
membrane, which is the interface between the cell and the environment. It has become clear …

Cell membranes are the initial site of stimulus perception from environment and
phospholipids are the basic and important components of cell membranes. Phospholipases …

Abstract Phospholipases D (PLD) and C (PLC) hydrolyze the phosphodiesteric linkages of
the head group of membrane phospholipids. PLDs and PLCs in plants occur in different …

The plasma membrane (PM) is possibly the most diverse biological membrane of plant cells;
it separates and guards the cell against its external environment. It has an extremely …

Exposure to low temperatures is one of the most important plant abiotic stress factors. In this
review we describe the damages that chilling and/or freezing temperatures can cause to …

The human population is increasing at an alarming rate, whereas at the same time
agricultural productivity is decreasing due to the effect of various environmental problems. In …

Phosphatidic acid (PA) has emerged as a new class of lipid mediators involved in diverse
cellular functions in plants, animals, and microorganisms. Considerable progress has been …

To understand the gene network controlling tolerance to cold stress, we performed an
Arabidopsis thaliana genome transcript expression profile using Affymetrix GeneChips that …

Nitric oxide (NO) is an important signaling molecule involved in many physiological
processes in plants. We evaluated the role of NO in cold acclimation and freezing tolerance …