Legumes are able to form a symbiotic relationship with nitrogen-fixing soil bacteria called
rhizobia. The result of this symbiosis is to form nodules on the plant root, within which the …

Biological nitrogen fixation by Rhizobium-legume symbioses represents an environmentally
friendly and inexpensive alternative to the use of chemical nitrogen fertilizers in legume …

Surface polysaccharides are important for bacterial interactions with multicellular organisms,
and some are virulence factors in pathogens. In the legume–rhizobium symbiosis, bacterial …

New research results have significantly revised our understanding of the rhizobium–legume
infection process. For example, Nod factors (NFs), previously thought to be absolutely …

Maize (Zea mays L.) is a highly versatile crop with huge demand of nitrogen (N) for its
growth and development. N is the most essential macronutrient for crop production. Despite …

Plants evolved lysine motif (LysM) receptors to recognize and parse microbial elicitors and
drive intracellular signaling to limit or facilitate microbial colonization. We investigated how …

The ability of root cells to distinguish mutualistic microbes from pathogens is crucial for
plants that allow symbiotic microorganisms to infect and colonize their internal root tissues …

Understanding the composition and activation of multicomponent receptor complexes is a
challenge in biology. To address this, we developed a synthetic approach based on …

Abstract In Lotus japonicus, a LysM receptor kinase, EPR3, distinguishes compatible and
incompatible rhizobial exopolysaccharides at the epidermis. However, the role of this …

The occurrence of alternative Nod factor (NF)-independent symbiosis between legumes and
rhizobia was first demonstrated in some Aeschynomene species that are nodulated by …