Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) the sequel of diabetic retinopathy (DR), a frequent
complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), is the leading cause of blindness in the working-age …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). It has
long been recognized as a microvascular disease. The diagnosis of DR relies on the …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), one of the common complications of diabetes, is the leading
cause of visual loss in working-age individuals in many industrialized countries. It has been …

Lutein is one of the few xanthophyll carotenoids that is found in high concentration in the
macula of human retina. As de novo synthesis of lutein within the human body is impossible …

Terpenes and terpenoids are the largest groups of plant secondary metabolites. However,
unlike polyphenols, they are rarely associated with geroprotective properties. Here we …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus and
is characterized by degeneration of retinal neurons and neoangiogenesis, causing a severe …

The therapeutic effects of carotenoids as dietary supplements to control or even treat some
specific diseases including diabetic retinopathy, cardiovascular diseases, bacterial …

Oxidative stress represents one of the main factors driving the pathophysiology of multiple
ophthalmic conditions including presbyopia, cataracts, dry eye disease (DED), glaucoma …

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder caused either by inadequate insulin
secretion, impaired insulin function, or both. Uncontrolled diabetes is characterized by …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a form of microangiopathy. Reducing oxidative stress in the
mitochondria and cell membranes decreases ischemic injury and end-organ damage to the …