Chemical methods developed over the past two decades enable preparation of colloidal
nanocrystals with uniform size and shape. These Brownian objects readily order into …

DNA is not just the stuff of our genetic code; it is also a means to design self-assembling
materials. Grafting DNA onto nano-and microparticles can, in principle,'program'them with …

Soft structures in nature, such as protein assemblies, can organize reversibly into functional
and often hierarchical architectures through noncovalent interactions. Molecularly encoding …

Biological processes build complex, functional materials from the molecular encoded messa
blueprint ges writt for lif en in the sequence of its fe, DNA. DNA directs material synthesis …

Crystallization is a fundamental and ubiquitous process much studied over the centuries. But
although the crystallization of atoms is fairly well understood,, it remains challenging to …

Nanoarchitectonics, like architectonics, allows the design and building of structures, but at
the nanoscale. Unlike those in architectonics, and even macro-, micro-, and atomic-scale …

DNA-grafted nanoparticles have been called “programmable atom-equivalents”: Like atoms,
they form three-dimensional crystals, but unlike atoms, the particles themselves carry …

A versatile method for the design of colloidal crystals involves the use of DNA as a particle-
directing ligand. With such systems, DNA-nanoparticle conjugates are considered …

Hydrogels have been widely applied to understand the fundamental functions and
mechanism of a natural extracellular matrix (ECM). However, revealing the high permeability …

The physical characteristics of composite materials are dictated by both the chemical
composition and spatial configuration of each constituent phase. A major challenge in …