Abstract The PI3K/AKT/mTOR (PAM) signaling pathway is a highly conserved signal
transduction network in eukaryotic cells that promotes cell survival, cell growth, and cell …

Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST) have an incidence of~ 1.2 per 105 individuals per
year in most countries. Around 80% of GIST have varying molecular changes, predominantly …

Fibroblasts and macrophages are present in all tissues, and mounting evidence supports
that these cells engage in direct communication to influence the overall tissue …

Background Targeting of KIT and PDGFRA with imatinib revolutionised treatment in
gastrointestinal stromal tumour; however, PDGFRA Asp842Val (D842V)-mutated …

Owing to the dysregulation of protein kinase activity in many diseases including cancer, the
protein kinase enzyme family has become one of the most important drug targets in the 21st …

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), a category of transmembrane receptors, have gained
significant clinical attention in oncology due to their central role in cancer pathogenesis …

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common malignant subepithelial
lesions (SELs) of the gastrointestinal tract. They originate from the interstitial cells of Cajal …

Abstract Background Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are rare, yet the most
common mesenchymal tumour within the digestive tract. Lack of diagnostic criteria and no …

Approximately 20% of patients diagnosed with a phaeochromocytoma or paraganglioma
carry a germline mutation in one of the succinate dehydrogenase (SDHx) genes (SDHA …

When gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST), the most common form of sarcoma, was first
recognized as a distinct pathological entity in the 1990s, patients with advanced-stage …