Cation and anion channelrhodopsins (CCRs and ACRs, respectively) from phototactic algae
have become widely used as genetically encoded molecular tools to control cell membrane …

Optogenetics is a growing technique which allows manipulation of biological events simply
by illumination. The technique is appreciated especially in the neuroscience field because of …

Membrane proteins that function as transporters or receptors must communicate with both
sides of the lipid bilayer in which they sit. This long distance communication enables …

With the progress of optogenetics, the activities of genetically identified neurons can be
optically silenced to determine whether the neurons in question are necessary for the …

Since their discovery 21 years ago, channelrhodopsins have come of age and have become
indispensable tools for optogenetic control of excitable cells such as neurons and myocytes …

Channelrhodopsin (ChR)-1 and ChR2 were the firstidentified members of ChRs which are a
growing subfamily of microbial-type rhodopsins. Light absorption drives the generation of a …

Phototactic green algae, such as Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, generate photoinduced
channelrhodopsin-mediated currents across the cell membrane. These currents can be …

Kanalrhodopsine (ChRs) sind lichtaktivierte Ionenkanäle motiler Algen. Heterolog exprimiert
erlauben sie es, Ionenflüsse durch Licht zu steuern. Bevorzugt geleitet werden von den …